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<h1 id="常见的可靠性指标及其概率解释">常见的可靠性指标及其概率解释</h1>
<h2 id="失效分布和平均寿命">失效分布和平均寿命</h2>
<h3 id="剩余寿命">剩余寿命</h3>
<p>具有年龄t的产品从t开始继续使用下去直到失效为止所经历的时间,记为<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>&#x03BE;</mi><mi>t</mi></msub></math>" id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" role="presentation" style="position: relative;" tabindex="0"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-1" style="width: 0.94em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.784em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.253em, 1000.78em, 2.503em, -999.997em); top: -2.133em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-2"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-3"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.784em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.128em, 1000.47em, 4.378em, -999.997em); top: -4.008em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-4" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">ξ<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.003em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.013em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.852em; left: 0.419em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-5" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">t</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.013em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.138em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.191em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math><msub><mi>ξ</mi><mi>t</mi></msub></math></span></span></p>
<p><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span></p><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"><mtr><mtd><msub><mi>F</mi><mi>t</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mi></mi><mo>=</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>&#x03BE;</mi><mi>t</mi></msub><mo>&#x2A7D;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>&#x03BE;</mi><mo>&#x2A7D;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo stretchy="false">|</mo></mrow><mi>&#x03BE;</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd /><mtd><mi></mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>F</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>F</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>F</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mfrac></mtd></mtr></mtable></math>" id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;" tabindex="0"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-6" style="width: 20.576em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 17.138em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(-0.154em, 1016.88em, 3.961em, -999.997em); top: -2.133em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-7"><span class="mtable" id="MathJax-Span-8" style="padding-right: 0.159em; padding-left: 0.159em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 16.878em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.773em, 1002.24em, 4.846em, -999.997em); top: -4.008em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.346em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.128em, 1002.24em, 4.43em, -999.997em); top: -5.362em; right: 0em;"><span class="mtd" id="MathJax-Span-9"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-10"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-11"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.992em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.18em, 1000.73em, 4.169em, -999.997em); top: -4.008em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-12" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">F<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.107em;"></span></span><span style="display: |
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