操作环境:阿里云的centos 7.0 (windows下试过,但是报错更加离谱)
先啰嗦一下我的观点,原本我以为truffle只是一个部署智能合约的框架,如果只能编写并部署智能合约,那其实用ethereum wallet客户端就可以直接编辑和部署了,相信很多刚入门的小伙伴也会有同样的困惑。truffle不仅仅是编写智能合约,还结合了具体应用,比如:web,可以真真切切的开发以太坊的落地应用。
好,搬好小板凳,准备好你的番茄闹钟,步骤实践约需要1个小时(前提是你的私链环境已搭建ok):
一、预热准备1、安装nodejs,官网下载;
2、安装truffle框架3、搭建以太坊私链环境
参见我之前的文章:https://www.jianshu.com/p/52332fa4a24c
二、初始化truffle webpack项目命令:- //创建项目目录mkdir Ebaycd Ebaytruffle unbox webpack //这个时候会自动开始下载项目初始化代码
复制代码 结果如下:
image.png三、编写智能合约代码- cd contractsrm -rf MetaCoin.sol //该文件用不到,删除掉即可vi EbayStore.sol
复制代码 代码如下:- pragma solidity ^0.4.18;contract EbayStore{uint public productIndex;function EbayStore() public{ productIndex =0;}enum ProductStatus{ Open,Sold,Unsold}enum ProductCondition{ New,Used}mapping(address=>mapping(uint=>Product)) stores;mapping(uint=>address) productIdInStore;struct Product{ uint id; string name; string category;//分类 string imageLink; string descLink; uint auctionStartTime; //开始竞标时间 uint auctionEndTime; //结束竞标时间 uint startPrice;//拍卖价格 address highestBidder;//赢家的钱包地址 uint highestBid; //竞标的价格 address secondHighestBidder; //第二高出价人的钱包地址 uint totalBids; //总共多少人参与竞标 ProductStatus status; ProductCondition condition; // mapping(address => mapping(bytes32 => Bid)) bids;}function addProductToStore(string _name, string _category, string _imageLink, string _descLink, uint _auctionStartTime, uint _auctionEndTime, uint _startPrice, uint _productCondition) public{ require(_auctionStartTime < _auctionEndTime); productIndex ++; Product memory product = Product(productIndex, _name, _category, _imageLink, _descLink, _auctionStartTime, _auctionEndTime, _startPrice, 0, 0, 0, 0, ProductStatus.Open, ProductCondition(_productCondition)); stores[msg.sender][productIndex] = product; productIdInStore[productIndex] = msg.sender;}function getProduct(uint _productId) view public returns(uint,string,string,string,string,uint,uint,uint,ProductStatus,ProductCondition){ Product memory product = stores[productIdInStore[_productId]][_productId]; return (product.id, product.name, product.category, product.imageLink, product.descLink, product.auctionStartTime, product.auctionEndTime, product.startPrice, product.status, product.condition); }}
复制代码 四、启动以太坊节点及RPC启动命令如下:- ./geth --datadir "./chain" --rpcapi "db,eth,net,web3,personal,admin,miner" --nodiscover console 2>>eth_output.log> admin.startRPC() //启动RPC,该方法有多种,还可以在第一句命令上加上rpc启动命令
复制代码 五、编译和部署智能合约在刚才的Ebay目录下进入truffle开发控制台:- truffle developtruffle(develop)> compile //编译智能合约,生成的文件会自动写到build/contracts目录Compiling ./contracts/EbayStore.sol...Compilation warnings encountered:/opt/go-ethereum/ethereum/truffle/Ebay/contracts/EbayStore.sol:4:2: Warning: Defining constructors as functions with the same name as the contract is deprecated. Use "constructor(...) { ... }" instead. function EbayStore() public{ ^ (Relevant source part starts here and spans across multiple lines).Writing artifacts to ./build/contracts
复制代码 再进行部署合约:- truffle(develop)> migrateUsing network 'develop'.Running migration: 1_initial_migration.jsDeploying Migrations... ... 0x9703f0bcfbea1379917db408adaa99bc708a5a8a4f3a48375ef39bda5e9436b6Migrations: 0x8cdaf0cd259887258bc13a92c0a6da92698644c0Saving successful migration to network...... 0xd7bc86d31bee32fa3988f1c1eabce403a1b5d570340a3a9cdba53a472ee8c956Saving artifacts...Running migration: 2_deploy_contracts.jsDeploying EbayStore...... 0x4ff35a0843e9a3c9df51963e90212830a1f663ecba21721798880111ee6a5161EbayStore: 0x345ca3e014aaf5dca488057592ee47305d9b3e10Saving successful migration to network...... 0xf36163615f41ef7ed8f4a8f192149a0bf633fe1a2398ce001bf44c43dc7bdda0Saving artifacts...
复制代码 六、遇到的问题(解决问题占用时间的2/3):1、启动geth的时候不能启动/无反应或一下提示fatal error: runtime: out of memory
top查看占用内存最多的进程,并且把不用的删除掉
2、truffle在部署migrate的时候,提示geth客户端没有启动/没有启动rpc/没有配置好truffle.js首先一个个来做:
启动geth(第二种方式同时启动geth和rpc):- ./geth --datadir "./chain" --rpc --rpcapi "db,eth,net,web3,personal,admin,miner" --nodiscover console 2>>eth_output.log
复制代码 更改Ebay项目下的truffle.js文件- require('babel-register')module.exports = { networks: { development: { host: '127.0.0.1', port: 8545, //该端口是默认的rpc监听端口 network_id: '*' // Match any network id } }}
复制代码 3、migrate报错Running migration: 1_initial_migration.js
Could not connect to your Ethereum client. Please check that your Ethereum client:
- is running
- is accepting RPC connections (i.e., "--rpc" option is used in geth)
- is accessible over the network
- is properly configured in your Truffle configuration file (truffle.js)
解决办法:
重启,然后先启动私链,再启动truffle develop
4、truffle compile 时而好时而不好解决办法:reboot
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