以下例子的配置文件
[rsync:children] rsync_server rsync_client [rsync_server] 192.168.1.5 [rsync_client] 192.168.1.4
ansible剧本功能实践介绍
================================================================================================
01. 编写剧本的重要功能介绍
a 在剧本中设置变量信息 OK
b 在剧本中设置注册信息 OK 执行剧本时,可以显示输出命令结果信息
b 在剧本中设置判断信息 OK
c 在剧本中设置循环信息
d 在剧本中设置错误忽略
d 在剧本中设置标签信息
e 在剧本中设置触发信息
f 在剧本中进行剧本整合
02. 在剧本中设置变量信息
方式一：直接在剧本文件编写
vars:
oldboy01: data01
oldboy02: data02
方式二：在命令行中进行指定
ansible-playbook --extra-vars=oldboy01=data01
方式三：在主机清单文件编写
[oldboy]
oldboy01=data01
oldboy02=data02
三种变量设置方式都配置了,三种方式的优先级???
最优先: 命令行变量设置
次优先: 剧本中变量设置
最后: 主机清单变量设置
如何全局设置变量: roles 剧本整合
03. 在剧本中设置注册信息
- hosts: oldboy
tasks:
- name: check server port
shell: netstat -lntup #--- 端口信息
register: get_server_port #注册端口变量<--端口信息
例子演示：
- name: display port info
debug: msg={{ get_server_port.stdout_lines }}
显示进程信息,表示服务已经正常启动
PS: 设置变量不能有空格信息
- hosts: rsync_server tasks: - name: 01-install rsync yum: name=rsync state=installed #- name: 02-push conf file # copy: src=/etc/ansible/server_file/rsync_server/rsyncd.conf dest=/etc/ - name: 03-create user user: name=rsync createhome=no shell=/sbin/nologin - name: 04-create backup dir file: path=/backup state=directory owner=rsync group=rsync - name: 05-create password file copy: content=rsync_backup:oldboy123 dest=/etc/rsync.password mode=600 - name: 06-start rsync server service: name=rsyncd state=started enabled=yes - name: 07-check server port info shell: netstat -lntup | grep 873 register: get_server_port #注册表量 - name: display port info debug: msg={{ get_server_port.stdout_lines }} #输出信息
测试的错误 因为是测试 netstat -lntup | grep 873 找不端口 所以注册的变量没有值 报错 这个错误直接运行就可以
正常执行的结果
04. 在剧本中设置判断信息
先介绍：[root@linux-node2 ~]# ansible rsync_server -m setup #查看主机清单中的详细信息
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ansible rsync_server -m setup 192.168.1.5 | SUCCESS => { "ansible_facts": { "ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [ "192.168.1.5", "192.168.122.1" ], "ansible_all_ipv6_addresses": [ "fe80::cd7:c134:744a:cf30" ], "ansible_apparmor": { "status": "disabled" }, "ansible_architecture": "x86_64", "ansible_bios_date": "07/02/2015", "ansible_bios_version": "6.00", "ansible_cmdline": { "BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64", "LANG": "zh_CN.UTF-8", "crashkernel": "auto", "quiet": true, "rd.lvm.lv": "centos/swap", "rhgb": true, "ro": true, "root": "/dev/mapper/centos-root" }, "ansible_date_time": { "date": "2019-08-12", "day": "12", "epoch": "1565619030", "hour": "22", "iso8601": "2019-08-12T14:10:30Z", "iso8601_basic": "20190812T221030013216", "iso8601_basic_short": "20190812T221030", "iso8601_micro": "2019-08-12T14:10:30.013353Z", "minute": "10", "month": "08", "second": "30", "time": "22:10:30", "tz": "CST", "tz_offset": "+0800", "weekday": "Monday", "weekday_number": "1", "weeknumber": "32", "year": "2019" }, "ansible_default_ipv4": { "address": "192.168.1.5", "alias": "ens33", "broadcast": "192.168.1.255", "gateway": "192.168.1.1", "interface": "ens33", "macaddress": "00:0c:29:fd:fa:c7", "mtu": 1500, "netmask": "255.255.255.0", "network": "192.168.1.0", "type": "ether" }, "ansible_default_ipv6": {}, "ansible_device_links": { "ids": { "dm-0": [ "dm-name-centos-root", "dm-uuid-LVM-2HXnXe7BZbcjs9fRvZshBrZAC54ATdRIuLSuoIykDvFy9cUdhwaCxE3cXEk4czeG" ], "dm-1": [ "dm-name-centos-swap", "dm-uuid-LVM-2HXnXe7BZbcjs9fRvZshBrZAC54ATdRI117wIGnJ5dFMLKYyL4sHfZrgnHn7KNwn" ], "dm-2": [ "dm-name-centos-home", "dm-uuid-LVM-2HXnXe7BZbcjs9fRvZshBrZAC54ATdRI85923erIvUJ1mQw9m39jQY5kvSWDXecm" ], "sda2": [ "lvm-pv-uuid-gqQMB2-Grt9-n4iL-KiZd-dlud-psxw-Dbg9pu" ], "sr0": [ "ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001" ] }, "labels": {}, "masters": { "sda2": [ "dm-0", "dm-1", "dm-2" ] }, "uuids": { "dm-0": [ "dc3c2d3c-626f-4ada-ac5a-8c3cb5aaa7d6" ], "dm-1": [ "a84c6a0e-1540-4b11-86a6-60887bb2e923" ], "dm-2": [ "e7737792-f46e-4acc-86fe-b782ce492618" ], "sda1": [ "cbb5b15b-ed4b-4e77-9275-834bc5de2d85" ] } }, "ansible_devices": { "dm-0": { "holders": [], "host": "", "links": { "ids": [ "dm-name-centos-root", "dm-uuid-LVM-2HXnXe7BZbcjs9fRvZshBrZAC54ATdRIuLSuoIykDvFy9cUdhwaCxE3cXEk4czeG" ], "labels": [], "masters": [], "uuids": [ "dc3c2d3c-626f-4ada-ac5a-8c3cb5aaa7d6" ] }, "model": null, "partitions": {}, "removable": "0", "rotational": "1", "sas_address": null, "sas_device_handle": null, "scheduler_mode": "", "sectors": "77668352", "sectorsize": "512", "size": "37.04 GB", "support_discard": "0", "vendor": null, "virtual": 1 }, "dm-1": { "holders": [], "host": "", "links": { "ids": [ "dm-name-centos-swap", "dm-uuid-LVM-2HXnXe7BZbcjs9fRvZshBrZAC54ATdRI117wIGnJ5dFMLKYyL4sHfZrgnHn7KNwn" ], "labels": [], "masters": [], "uuids": [ "a84c6a0e-1540-4b11-86a6-60887bb2e923" ] }, "model": null, "partitions": {}, "removable": "0", "rotational": "1", "sas_address": null, "sas_device_handle": null, "scheduler_mode": "", "sectors": "8126464", "sectorsize": "512", "size": "3.88 GB", "support_discard": "0", "vendor": null, "virtual": 1 }, "dm-2": { "holders": [], "host": "", "links": { "ids": [ "dm-name-centos-home", "dm-uuid-LVM-2HXnXe7BZbcjs9fRvZshBrZAC54ATdRI85923erIvUJ1mQw9m39jQY5kvSWDXecm" ], "labels": [], "masters": [], "uuids": [ "e7737792-f46e-4acc-86fe-b782ce492618" ] }, "model": null, "partitions": {}, "removable": "0", "rotational": "1", "sas_address": null, "sas_device_handle": null, "scheduler_mode": "", "sectors": "37920768", "sectorsize": "512", "size": "18.08 GB", "support_discard": "0", "vendor": null, "virtual": 1 }, "sda": { "holders": [], "host": "SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI (rev 01)", "links": { "ids": [], "labels": [], "masters": [], "uuids": [] }, "model": "VMware Virtual S", "partitions": { "sda1": { "holders": [], "links": { "ids": [], "labels": [], "masters": [], "uuids": [ "cbb5b15b-ed4b-4e77-9275-834bc5de2d85" ] }, "sectors": "2097152", "sectorsize": 512, "size": "1.00 GB", "start": "2048", "uuid": "cbb5b15b-ed4b-4e77-9275-834bc5de2d85" }, "sda2": { "holders": [ "centos-root", "centos-swap", "centos-home" ], "links": { "ids": [ "lvm-pv-uuid-gqQMB2-Grt9-n4iL-KiZd-dlud-psxw-Dbg9pu" ], "labels": [], "masters": [ "dm-0", "dm-1", "dm-2" ], "uuids": [] }, "sectors": "123729920", "sectorsize": 512, "size": "59.00 GB", "start": "2099200", "uuid": null } }, "removable": "0", "rotational": "1", "sas_address": null, "sas_device_handle": null, "scheduler_mode": "deadline", "sectors": "125829120", "sectorsize": "512", "size": "60.00 GB", "support_discard": "0", "vendor": "VMware,", "virtual": 1 }, "sr0": { "holders": [], "host": "IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)", "links": { "ids": [ "ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001" ], "labels": [], "masters": [], "uuids": [] }, "model": "VMware IDE CDR10", "partitions": {}, "removable": "1", "rotational": "1", "sas_address": null, "sas_device_handle": null, "scheduler_mode": "deadline", "sectors": "2097151", "sectorsize": "512", "size": "1024.00 MB", "support_discard": "0", "vendor": "NECVMWar", "virtual": 1 } }, "ansible_distribution": "CentOS", "ansible_distribution_file_parsed": true, "ansible_distribution_file_path": "/etc/redhat-release", "ansible_distribution_file_variety": "RedHat", "ansible_distribution_major_version": "7", "ansible_distribution_release": "Core", "ansible_distribution_version": "7.6.1810", "ansible_dns": { "nameservers": [ "192.168.1.1" ], "search": [ "localdomain" ] }, "ansible_domain": "localdomain", "ansible_effective_group_id": 0, "ansible_effective_user_id": 0, "ansible_ens33": { "active": true, "device": "ens33", "features": { "busy_poll": "off [fixed]", "fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]", "generic_receive_offload": "on", "generic_segmentation_offload": "on", "highdma": "off [fixed]", "hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]", "l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]", "large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]", "loopback": "off [fixed]", "netns_local": "off [fixed]", "ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]", "receive_hashing": "off [fixed]", "rx_all": "off", "rx_checksumming": "off", "rx_fcs": "off", "rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]", "rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_filter": "on [fixed]", "rx_vlan_offload": "on", "rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]", "scatter_gather": "on", "tcp_segmentation_offload": "on", "tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on", "tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksumming": "on", "tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]", "tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]", "tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_lockless": "off [fixed]", "tx_nocache_copy": "off", "tx_scatter_gather": "on", "tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "off [fixed]", "tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_tcp6_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "off", "tx_tcp_segmentation": "on", "tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_vlan_offload": "on [fixed]", "tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]", "udp_fragmentation_offload": "off [fixed]", "vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]" }, "hw_timestamp_filters": [], "ipv4": { "address": "192.168.1.5", "broadcast": "192.168.1.255", "netmask": "255.255.255.0", "network": "192.168.1.0" }, "ipv6": [ { "address": "fe80::cd7:c134:744a:cf30", "prefix": "64", "scope": "link" } ], "macaddress": "00:0c:29:fd:fa:c7", "module": "e1000", "mtu": 1500, "pciid": "0000:02:01.0", "promisc": false, "speed": 1000, "timestamping": [ "tx_software", "rx_software", "software" ], "type": "ether" }, "ansible_env": { "HOME": "/root", "LANG": "en_US.UTF-8", "LESSOPEN": "||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s", "LOGNAME": "root", "LS_COLORS": "rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=01;05;37;41:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.axv=01;35:*.anx=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=01;36:*.au=01;36:*.flac=01;36:*.mid=01;36:*.midi=01;36:*.mka=01;36:*.mp3=01;36:*.mpc=01;36:*.ogg=01;36:*.ra=01;36:*.wav=01;36:*.axa=01;36:*.oga=01;36:*.spx=01;36:*.xspf=01;36:", "MAIL": "/var/mail/root", "PATH": "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin", "PWD": "/root", "SHELL": "/bin/bash", "SHLVL": "2", "SSH_CLIENT": "192.168.1.4 49084 22", "SSH_CONNECTION": "192.168.1.4 49084 192.168.1.5 22", "SSH_TTY": "/dev/pts/1", "TERM": "xterm", "USER": "root", "VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_HOOK_DIR": "/root/Envs", "VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PROJECT_FILENAME": ".project", "VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_SCRIPT": "/opt/python36/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh", "VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_WORKON_CD": "1", "WORKON_HOME": "/root/Envs", "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR": "/run/user/0", "XDG_SESSION_ID": "2", "_": "/usr/bin/python" }, "ansible_fips": false, "ansible_form_factor": "Other", "ansible_fqdn": "localhost.localdomain", "ansible_hostname": "linux-node1", "ansible_interfaces": [ "lo", "ens33", "virbr0-nic", "virbr0" ], "ansible_kernel": "3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64", "ansible_lo": { "active": true, "device": "lo", "features": { "busy_poll": "off [fixed]", "fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]", "generic_receive_offload": "on", "generic_segmentation_offload": "on", "highdma": "on [fixed]", "hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]", "l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]", "large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]", "loopback": "on [fixed]", "netns_local": "on [fixed]", "ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]", "receive_hashing": "off [fixed]", "rx_all": "off [fixed]", "rx_checksumming": "on [fixed]", "rx_fcs": "off [fixed]", "rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]", "rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]", "scatter_gather": "on", "tcp_segmentation_offload": "on", "tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_sctp": "on [fixed]", "tx_checksumming": "on", "tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]", "tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]", "tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_lockless": "on [fixed]", "tx_nocache_copy": "off [fixed]", "tx_scatter_gather": "on [fixed]", "tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on [fixed]", "tx_sctp_segmentation": "on", "tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on", "tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on", "tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on", "tx_tcp_segmentation": "on", "tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]", "tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]", "udp_fragmentation_offload": "on", "vlan_challenged": "on [fixed]" }, "hw_timestamp_filters": [], "ipv4": { "address": "127.0.0.1", "broadcast": "host", "netmask": "255.0.0.0", "network": "127.0.0.0" }, "ipv6": [ { "address": "::1", "prefix": "128", "scope": "host" } ], "mtu": 65536, "promisc": false, "timestamping": [ "rx_software", "software" ], "type": "loopback" }, "ansible_local": {}, "ansible_lsb": {}, "ansible_lvm": { "lvs": { "home": { "size_g": "18.08", "vg": "centos" }, "root": { "size_g": "37.04", "vg": "centos" }, "swap": { "size_g": "3.88", "vg": "centos" } }, "pvs": { "/dev/sda2": { "free_g": "0.00", "size_g": "59.00", "vg": "centos" } }, "vgs": { "centos": { "free_g": "0.00", "num_lvs": "3", "num_pvs": "1", "size_g": "59.00" } } }, "ansible_machine": "x86_64", "ansible_machine_id": "37a27c09411541ca8f072be3ccc05527", "ansible_memfree_mb": 2726, "ansible_memory_mb": { "nocache": { "free": 3012, "used": 759 }, "real": { "free": 2726, "total": 3771, "used": 1045 }, "swap": { "cached": 0, "free": 3967, "total": 3967, "used": 0 } }, "ansible_memtotal_mb": 3771, "ansible_mounts": [ { "block_available": 7120934, "block_size": 4096, "block_total": 9703804, "block_used": 2582870, "device": "/dev/mapper/centos-root", "fstype": "xfs", "inode_available": 19260818, "inode_total": 19417088, "inode_used": 156270, "mount": "/", "options": "rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota", "size_available": 29167345664, "size_total": 39746781184, "uuid": "dc3c2d3c-626f-4ada-ac5a-8c3cb5aaa7d6" }, { "block_available": 222443, "block_size": 4096, "block_total": 259584, "block_used": 37141, "device": "/dev/sda1", "fstype": "xfs", "inode_available": 523961, "inode_total": 524288, "inode_used": 327, "mount": "/boot", "options": "rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota", "size_available": 911126528, "size_total": 1063256064, "uuid": "cbb5b15b-ed4b-4e77-9275-834bc5de2d85" }, { "block_available": 4729288, "block_size": 4096, "block_total": 4737536, "block_used": 8248, "device": "/dev/mapper/centos-home", "fstype": "xfs", "inode_available": 9480189, "inode_total": 9480192, "inode_used": 3, "mount": "/home", "options": "rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota", "size_available": 19371163648, "size_total": 19404947456, "uuid": "e7737792-f46e-4acc-86fe-b782ce492618" }, { "block_available": 125595, "block_size": 131072, "block_total": 139152, "block_used": 13557, "device": "192.168.1.4:/opt/share", "fstype": "nfs4", "inode_available": 8854887, "inode_total": 8910848, "inode_used": 55961, "mount": "/mnt/nfs/235674007260975", "options": "rw,relatime,vers=4.1,rsize=131072,wsize=131072,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.1.5,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.1.4", "size_available": 16461987840, "size_total": 18238930944, "uuid": "N/A" }, { "block_available": 125595, "block_size": 131072, "block_total": 139152, "block_used": 13557, "device": "192.168.1.4:/opt/volume", "fstype": "nfs4", "inode_available": 8854887, "inode_total": 8910848, "inode_used": 55961, "mount": "/mnt/nfs/402885735082765", "options": "rw,relatime,vers=4.1,rsize=131072,wsize=131072,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.1.5,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.1.4", "size_available": 16461987840, "size_total": 18238930944, "uuid": "N/A" }, { "block_available": 125595, "block_size": 131072, "block_total": 139152, "block_used": 13557, "device": "192.168.1.4:/opt/test", "fstype": "nfs4", "inode_available": 8854887, "inode_total": 8910848, "inode_used": 55961, "mount": "/mnt/nfs/086690657201746", "options": "rw,relatime,vers=4.1,rsize=131072,wsize=131072,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.1.5,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.1.4", "size_available": 16461987840, "size_total": 18238930944, "uuid": "N/A" } ], "ansible_nodename": "linux-node1.localdomain", "ansible_os_family": "RedHat", "ansible_pkg_mgr": "yum", "ansible_processor": [ "0", "GenuineIntel", "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4710MQ CPU @ 2.50GHz", "1", "GenuineIntel", "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4710MQ CPU @ 2.50GHz", "2", "GenuineIntel", "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4710MQ CPU @ 2.50GHz", "3", "GenuineIntel", "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4710MQ CPU @ 2.50GHz" ], "ansible_processor_cores": 2, "ansible_processor_count": 2, "ansible_processor_threads_per_core": 1, "ansible_processor_vcpus": 4, "ansible_product_name": "VMware Virtual Platform", "ansible_product_serial": "VMware-56 4d 48 8f 93 62 a0 3f-01 fa 25 b5 f5 fd fa c7", "ansible_product_uuid": "8F484D56-6293-3FA0-01FA-25B5F5FDFAC7", "ansible_product_version": "None", "ansible_python": { "executable": "/usr/bin/python", "has_sslcontext": true, "type": "CPython", "version": { "major": 2, "micro": 5, "minor": 7, "releaselevel": "final", "serial": 0 }, "version_info": [ 2, 7, 5, "final", 0 ] }, "ansible_python_version": "2.7.5", "ansible_real_group_id": 0, "ansible_real_user_id": 0, "ansible_selinux": { "status": "disabled" }, "ansible_selinux_python_present": true, "ansible_service_mgr": "systemd", "ansible_ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public": "AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBFqIRP8gB3zra3sWTF54icmj7D7FtgaN4o79aObpxCWbIVAGdGXzZiRVBUgIsqgdeXenJID4qqKHDeUIlvaobjE=", "ansible_ssh_host_key_ed25519_public": "AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIP44SN7gTNphLERxVIIm0XcASzCjC3AQeL4Z4qVD1ZVY", "ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public": "AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHMohDGQkc78uqcsdt2CEvI1/0UolA0t7Y7ZPPAhVBlrvt8s9Wo7YA2yZllIH5nr9VFML1se/tIepq3uQbeIdCHyzDiBKI2k5A9Dm76+019Xb8566fEXxj410gkxPoOeT438PbD+Z9xezoNosvwtG/AW2r2UfhICZCZpN5UEsYZeTsmF/5vpVDyswd8nWft4kg0tBopWWceqgEzB0E+4xhGRlMAtMmxgQ6BocwjBczsnHyYF7OJdshaDibDk8AgwlWvM6hd+ycf9sW4YkicN2NAHG7EHxcZUDu7pgDqObzTAfhmWFnEh6pAZjrpA8kQANohrDY3LdpAcstmN8ae41J", "ansible_swapfree_mb": 3967, "ansible_swaptotal_mb": 3967, "ansible_system": "Linux", "ansible_system_capabilities": [ "cap_chown", "cap_dac_override", "cap_dac_read_search", "cap_fowner", "cap_fsetid", "cap_kill", "cap_setgid", "cap_setuid", "cap_setpcap", "cap_linux_immutable", "cap_net_bind_service", "cap_net_broadcast", "cap_net_admin", "cap_net_raw", "cap_ipc_lock", "cap_ipc_owner", "cap_sys_module", "cap_sys_rawio", "cap_sys_chroot", "cap_sys_ptrace", "cap_sys_pacct", "cap_sys_admin", "cap_sys_boot", "cap_sys_nice", "cap_sys_resource", "cap_sys_time", "cap_sys_tty_config", "cap_mknod", "cap_lease", "cap_audit_write", "cap_audit_control", "cap_setfcap", "cap_mac_override", "cap_mac_admin", "cap_syslog", "35", "36+ep" ], "ansible_system_capabilities_enforced": "True", "ansible_system_vendor": "VMware, Inc.", "ansible_uptime_seconds": 340, "ansible_user_dir": "/root", "ansible_user_gecos": "root", "ansible_user_gid": 0, "ansible_user_id": "root", "ansible_user_shell": "/bin/bash", "ansible_user_uid": 0, "ansible_userspace_architecture": "x86_64", "ansible_userspace_bits": "64", "ansible_virbr0": { "active": false, "device": "virbr0", "features": { "busy_poll": "off [fixed]", "fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]", "generic_receive_offload": "on", "generic_segmentation_offload": "on", "highdma": "off [requested on]", "hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]", "l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]", "large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]", "loopback": "off [fixed]", "netns_local": "on [fixed]", "ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]", "receive_hashing": "off [fixed]", "rx_all": "off [fixed]", "rx_checksumming": "off [fixed]", "rx_fcs": "off [fixed]", "rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]", "rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]", "scatter_gather": "on", "tcp_segmentation_offload": "on", "tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on", "tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksumming": "on", "tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [requested on]", "tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "on", "tx_gre_segmentation": "on", "tx_gso_partial": "on", "tx_gso_robust": "off [requested on]", "tx_ipip_segmentation": "on", "tx_lockless": "on [fixed]", "tx_nocache_copy": "off", "tx_scatter_gather": "on", "tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on", "tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [requested on]", "tx_sit_segmentation": "on", "tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on", "tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on", "tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on", "tx_tcp_segmentation": "on", "tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "on", "tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "on", "tx_vlan_offload": "on", "tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "on", "udp_fragmentation_offload": "off [requested on]", "vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]" }, "hw_timestamp_filters": [], "id": "8000.5254001739b3", "interfaces": [ "virbr0-nic" ], "ipv4": { "address": "192.168.122.1", "broadcast": "192.168.122.255", "netmask": "255.255.255.0", "network": "192.168.122.0" }, "macaddress": "52:54:00:17:39:b3", "mtu": 1500, "promisc": false, "stp": true, "timestamping": [ "rx_software", "software" ], "type": "bridge" }, "ansible_virbr0_nic": { "active": false, "device": "virbr0-nic", "features": { "busy_poll": "off [fixed]", "fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]", "generic_receive_offload": "on", "generic_segmentation_offload": "on", "highdma": "off [fixed]", "hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]", "l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]", "large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]", "loopback": "off [fixed]", "netns_local": "off [fixed]", "ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]", "receive_hashing": "off [fixed]", "rx_all": "off [fixed]", "rx_checksumming": "off [fixed]", "rx_fcs": "off [fixed]", "rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]", "rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]", "rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]", "scatter_gather": "on", "tcp_segmentation_offload": "off", "tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ip_generic": "off [requested on]", "tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]", "tx_checksumming": "off", "tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]", "tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]", "tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_lockless": "on [fixed]", "tx_nocache_copy": "off", "tx_scatter_gather": "on", "tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on", "tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_tcp6_segmentation": "off [requested on]", "tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "off [requested on]", "tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "off", "tx_tcp_segmentation": "off [requested on]", "tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]", "tx_vlan_offload": "on", "tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "on", "udp_fragmentation_offload": "off [requested on]", "vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]" }, "hw_timestamp_filters": [], "macaddress": "52:54:00:17:39:b3", "mtu": 1500, "promisc": true, "timestamping": [ "rx_software", "software" ], "type": "ether" }, "ansible_virtualization_role": "guest", "ansible_virtualization_type": "VMware", "gather_subset": [ "all" ], "module_setup": true }, "changed": false }
这种字典操作在剧本中才有效
获取子信息方法:ansible_eth0[ipv4]
获取内置变量方法：
ansible oldboy -m setup -a "filter=ansible_hostname"
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ansible rsync_server -m setup -a "filter=ansible_hostname"
192.168.1.5 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_hostname": "linux-node1"
},
"changed": false
}
常见主机信息：
ansible_all_ipv4_addresses： 仅显示ipv4的信息。
ansible_devices： 仅显示磁盘设备信息。
ansible_distribution： 显示是什么系统，例：centos,suse等。
ansible_distribution_major_version： 显示是系统主版本。
ansible_distribution_version： 仅显示系统版本。
ansible_machine： 显示系统类型，例：32位，还是64位。
ansible_eth0： 仅显示eth0的信息。
ansible_hostname： 仅显示主机名。
ansible_kernel： 仅显示内核版本。
ansible_lvm： 显示lvm相关信息。
ansible_memtotal_mb： 显示系统总内存。
ansible_memfree_mb： 显示可用系统内存。
ansible_memory_mb： 详细显示内存情况。
ansible_swaptotal_mb： 显示总的swap内存。
ansible_swapfree_mb： 显示swap内存的可用内存。
ansible_mounts： 显示系统磁盘挂载情况。
ansible_processor： 显示cpu个数(具体显示每个cpu的型号)。
ansible_processor_vcpus： 显示cpu个数(只显示总的个数)。
如何指定判断条件:
(ansible_hostname == "nfs01")#当主机名等于nfs01执行该任务
(ansible_hostname == "web01"))#当主机名等于web01执行该任务
setup模块中显示被管理主机系统的详细信息
- hosts: oldboy
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: Check File
file: path=/tmp/this_is_{{ ansible_hostname }}_file state=touch
when: (ansible_hostname == "nfs") or (ansible_hostname == "backup")
- name: install httpd
yum: name=httpd state=installed
when: (系统情况 == "CentOS")
- name: install httpd2
yum: name=httpd2 state=installed
when: (系统情况 == "ubuntu")
04. 在剧本中设置循环信息
- hosts: rsync_server tasks: - name: 01-install rsync yum: name={{ item }} state=installed #循环 with_items: - rsync - tree - wget - name: 02-push conf file & password file #copy: src=/etc/ansible/server_file/rsync_server/rsyncd.conf dest=/etc/ copy: src=/etc/ansible/server_file/rsync_server/{{ item.src }} dest={{ item.dest }} mode={{ item.mode }} #循环 with_items: - { src: 'rsyncd.conf',dest: '/etc/',mode: '644' } - { src: 'rsync.password',dest: '/etc/',mode: '600' } - name: 03-create user user: name=rsync createhome=no shell=/sbin/nologin - name: 04-create backup dir file: path=/backup state=directory owner=rsync group=rsync # - name: 05-create password file # copy: content=rsync_backup:oldboy123 dest=/etc/rsync.password mode=600 - name: 06-start rsync server service: name=rsyncd state=started enabled=yes - name: 07-check server port info shell: netstat -lntup | grep 873 register: get_server_port - name: display port info debug: msg={{ get_server_port.stdout_lines }}
运行结果：
vim test04.yml
- hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - name: Add Users user: name={{ item.name }} groups={{ item.groups }} state=present with_items: - { name: 'testuser1', groups: 'bin' } - { name: 'testuser2', groups: 'root' }
vim test05.yml
- hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - name: Installed Pkg yum: name={{ item }} state=present with_items: - wget - tree - lrzsz
- name: 01-install rsync
yum:
name: ['rsync', 'tree', 'wget'] --- saltstack 这种循环也可以
state: installed
- name: xxx
yum: name=xxx state=installed --- ansible
05. 在剧本中设置忽略错误
剧本执行出现错误排查思路/步骤:
1) 找到剧本中出现问题关键点
2) 将剧本中的操作转换成模块进行操作
3) 将模块的功能操作转换成linux命令
本地管理主机上执行命令测试
远程被管理主机上执行命令测试
默认playbook会检查命令和模块的返回状态，如遇到错误就中断playbook的执行
可以加入ignore_errors: yes忽略错误 就会跳过这个错误 不会中断 到后面再去解决
vim test06.yml
- hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - name: Ignore False command: /bin/false ignore_errors: yes - name: touch new file file: path=/tmp/oldboy_ignore state=touch
06. 在剧本中设置标签功能
- hosts: oldboy ignore_errors: yes remote_user: root tasks: - name: Check File file: path=/tmp/this_is_{{ ansible_hostname }}_file state=touch when: (ansible_hostname == "nfs01") or (ansible_hostname == "backup") tags: t1 - name: bad thing command: ech 123 #ignore_errors: yes tags: t2 - name: install httpd yum: name=httpd state=installed when: (ansible_all_ipv4_addresses == ["172.16.1.7","10.0.0.7"]) tags: t3 - name: install httpd2 yum: name=httpd2 state=installed when: (ansible_distribution == "ubuntu") tags: t4
指定执行哪个标签任务： ansible-playbook --tags=t2 test05.yml
跳过指定标签任务： ansible-playbook --skip-tags=t2 test05.yml
- hosts: rsync_server tasks: - name: 01-install rsync yum: name={{ item }} state=installed #循环 with_items: - rsync - tree - wget tags: install_soft #标签。。。 - name: 02-push conf file & password file #copy: src=/etc/ansible/server_file/rsync_server/rsyncd.conf dest=/etc/ copy: src=/etc/ansible/server_file/rsync_server/{{ item.src }} dest={{ item.dest }} mode={{ item.mode }} #循环 with_items: - { src: 'rsyncd.conf',dest: '/etc/',mode: '644' } - { src: 'rsync.password',dest: '/etc/',mode: '600' } - name: 03-create user user: name=rsync createhome=no shell=/sbin/nologin - name: 04-create backup dir file: path=/backup state=directory owner=rsync group=rsync # - name: 05-create password file # copy: content=rsync_backup:oldboy123 dest=/etc/rsync.password mode=600 - name: 06-start rsync server service: name=rsyncd state=started enabled=yes - name: 07-check server port info shell: netstat -lntup | grep 873 register: get_server_port - name: display port info debug: msg={{ get_server_port.stdout_lines }}
07. 在剧本中设置触发功能
- hosts: backup remote_user: root tasks: - name: 01 Install rsync yum: name=rsync state=present - name: 02 push config file copy: src=./file/{{ item.src }} dest=/etc/{{ item.dest }} mode={{ item.mode }} with_items: - { src: "rsyncd.conf", dest: "rsyncd.conf", mode: "0644" } - { src: "rsync.password", dest: "rsync.password", mode: "0600" } notify: restart rsync server #上copy发生改变是触发 handlers: - name: restart rsync server service: name=rsyncd state=restarted
- hosts: rsync_server tasks: - name: 01-install rsync yum: name={{ item }} state=installed #循环 with_items: - rsync - tree - wget tags: install_soft #标签。。。 - name: 02-push conf file & password file #copy: src=/etc/ansible/server_file/rsync_server/rsyncd.conf dest=/etc/ copy: src=/etc/ansible/server_file/rsync_server/{{ item.src }} dest={{ item.dest }} mode={{ item.mode }} #循环 with_items: - { src: 'rsyncd.conf',dest: '/etc/',mode: '644' } - { src: 'rsync.password',dest: '/etc/',mode: '600' } notify: restart rsync server #触发 - name: 03-create user user: name=rsync createhome=no shell=/sbin/nologin - name: 04-create backup dir file: path=/backup state=directory owner=rsync group=rsync # - name: 05-create password file # copy: content=rsync_backup:oldboy123 dest=/etc/rsync.password mode=600 - name: 06-start rsync server service: name=rsyncd state=started enabled=yes - name: 07-check server port info shell: netstat -lntup | grep 873 register: get_server_port - name: display port info debug: msg={{ get_server_port.stdout_lines }} handlers: #触发执行 - name: restart rsync server service: name=rsyncd state=restarted
08. 将多个剧本进行整合
方式一：include_tasks: f1.yml
- hosts: all
remote_user: root
tasks:
- include_tasks: f1.yml
- include_tasks: f2.yml
方式二：include: f1.yml
- include：f1.yml
- include：f2.yml
方式三：- import_playbook:
[root@m01 ansible-playbook]# cat main.yml
- import_playbook: base.yml
- import_playbook: rsync.yml
- import_playbook: nfs.yml
- import_playbook: oxxx.yml
- import_playbook: rsync.yml
- import_playbook: nfs.yml
转播
