深入理解r2dbc在mysql中的使用

简介

mysql应该是我们在日常工作中使用到的一个非常普遍的数据库，虽然mysql现在是oracle公司的，但是它是开源的，市场占有率还是非常高的。

今天我们将会介绍r2dbc在mysql中的使用。

r2dbc-mysql的maven依赖

要想使用r2dbc-mysql，我们需要添加如下的maven依赖：

<dependency>
  <groupId>dev.miku</groupId>
  <artifactId>r2dbc-mysql</artifactId>
  <version>0.8.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

当然，如果你想使用snapshot版本的话，可以这样：

<dependency>
  <groupId>dev.miku</groupId>
  <artifactId>r2dbc-mysql</artifactId>
  <version>${r2dbc-mysql.version}.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

<repository>
  <id>sonatype-snapshots</id>
  <name>SonaType Snapshots</name>
  <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
  <snapshots>
    <enabled>true</enabled>
  </snapshots>
</repository>

创建connectionFactory

创建connectionFactory的代码实际上使用的r2dbc的标准接口，所以和之前讲到的h2的创建代码基本上是一样的：

// Notice: the query string must be URL encoded
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(
  "r2dbcs:mysql://root:database-password-in-here@127.0.0.1:3306/r2dbc?" +
  "zeroDate=use_round&" +
  "sslMode=verify_identity&" +
  "useServerPrepareStatement=true&" +
  "tlsVersion=TLSv1.3%2CTLSv1.2%2CTLSv1.1&" +
  "sslCa=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fca.pem&" +
  "sslKey=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fclient-key.pem&" +
  "sslCert=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fclient-cert.pem&" +
  "sslKeyPassword=key-pem-password-in-here"
)

// Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());

不同的是ConnectionFactories传入的参数不同。

我们也支持unix domain socket的格式：

// Minimum configuration for unix domain socket
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get("r2dbc:mysql://root@unix?unixSocket=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql.sock")

Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());

同样的，我们也支持从ConnectionFactoryOptions中创建ConnectionFactory：

ConnectionFactoryOptions options = ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
  .option(DRIVER, "mysql")
  .option(HOST, "127.0.0.1")
  .option(USER, "root")
  .option(PORT, 3306) // optional, default 3306
  .option(PASSWORD, "database-password-in-here") // optional, default null, null means has no password
  .option(DATABASE, "r2dbc") // optional, default null, null means not specifying the database
  .option(CONNECT_TIMEOUT, Duration.ofSeconds(3)) // optional, default null, null means no timeout
  .option(SSL, true) // optional, default sslMode is "preferred", it will be ignore if sslMode is set
  .option(Option.valueOf("sslMode"), "verify_identity") // optional, default "preferred"
  .option(Option.valueOf("sslCa"), "/path/to/mysql/ca.pem") // required when sslMode is verify_ca or verify_identity, default null, null means has no server CA cert
  .option(Option.valueOf("sslCert"), "/path/to/mysql/client-cert.pem") // optional, default null, null means has no client cert
  .option(Option.valueOf("sslKey"), "/path/to/mysql/client-key.pem") // optional, default null, null means has no client key
  .option(Option.valueOf("sslKeyPassword"), "key-pem-password-in-here") // optional, default null, null means has no password for client key (i.e. "sslKey")
  .option(Option.valueOf("tlsVersion"), "TLSv1.3,TLSv1.2,TLSv1.1") // optional, default is auto-selected by the server
  .option(Option.valueOf("sslHostnameVerifier"), "com.example.demo.MyVerifier") // optional, default is null, null means use standard verifier
  .option(Option.valueOf("sslContextBuilderCustomizer"), "com.example.demo.MyCustomizer") // optional, default is no-op customizer
  .option(Option.valueOf("zeroDate"), "use_null") // optional, default "use_null"
  .option(Option.valueOf("useServerPrepareStatement"), true) // optional, default false
  .option(Option.valueOf("tcpKeepAlive"), true) // optional, default false
  .option(Option.valueOf("tcpNoDelay"), true) // optional, default false
  .option(Option.valueOf("autodetectExtensions"), false) // optional, default false
  .build();
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(options);

// Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());

或者下面的unix domain socket格式：

// Minimum configuration for unix domain socket
ConnectionFactoryOptions options = ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
  .option(DRIVER, "mysql")
  .option(Option.valueOf("unixSocket"), "/path/to/mysql.sock")
  .option(USER, "root")
  .build();
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(options);

Mono 想使用snapshot版本，也可以这样指定：

<dependency>
 <groupId>io.r2dbc</groupId>
 <artifactId>r2dbc-pool</artifactId>
 <version>${version}.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

<repository>
 <id>spring-libs-snapshot</id>
 <name>Spring Snapshot Repository</name>
 <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot</url>
</repository>

看一下怎么指定数据库连接池：

ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get("r2dbc:pool:<my-driver>://<host>:<port>/<database>[?maxIdleTime=PT60S[&…]");

Publisher<? extends Connection> connectionPublisher = connectionFactory.create();



可以看到，我们只需要在连接URL上面添加pool这个driver即可。
同样的，我们也可以通过ConnectionFactoryOptions来创建：

ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
  .option(DRIVER, "pool")
  .option(PROTOCOL, "postgresql") // driver identifier, PROTOCOL is delegated as DRIVER by the pool.
  .option(HOST, "…")
  .option(PORT, "…") 
  .option(USER, "…")
  .option(PASSWORD, "…")
  .option(DATABASE, "…")
  .build());

Publisher<? extends Connection> connectionPublisher = connectionFactory.create();

// Alternative: Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());

最后， 你也可以直接通过创建ConnectionPoolConfiguration来使用线程池：

ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = …;

ConnectionPoolConfiguration configuration = ConnectionPoolConfiguration.builder(connectionFactory)
  .maxIdleTime(Duration.ofMillis(1000))
  .maxSize(20)
  .build();

ConnectionPool pool = new ConnectionPool(configuration);
 

Mono<Connection> connectionMono = pool.create();

// later

Connection connection = …;
Mono<Void> release = connection.close(); // released the connection back to the pool

// application shutdown
pool.dispose();


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