APEX棕榈油期货简介

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农产品分析师   2020-5-18 15:05   1591   0
  棕榈油产业链概况

  棕榈油是目前世界上生产量最大的植物油,在全球植物油总产量中的占比约33%,与大豆油、菜籽油并称为“世界三大植物油”,广泛应用于餐饮、食品工业、油脂化工、生物柴油等用途。棕榈油分为毛棕榈油和精炼棕榈油,其中毛棕榈油是由棕榈果经加热、压榨形成的初级产品,经过进一步的精炼、脱色、脱臭后形成可食用的精炼棕榈油。棕榈油富含饱和脂肪酸,不易氧化变质,并含有丰富的维生素A与维生素E。在植物油中,棕榈油的生产高度集中、消费分散,价格波动幅度大。因此,棕榈油价格在世界油脂贸易领域经常引导其他油脂价格,在市场上处于主导地位。目前世界棕榈油主要生产和出口国为印度尼西亚与马来西亚,这两个国家总产量约占世界棕榈油总产量的86%,出口量占世界棕榈油出口量的91%。

  棕榈油国际市场供需格局
  (一)全球产量及分布
  2000年以来,全球棕榈油产量持续增长,2017年,棕榈油全球总产量为6942万吨。

  来源:新加坡亚太交易所(APEX)
  (二)全球消费量及分布
  2000年以来,全球棕榈油消费量持续上升。2017年,全球棕榈油消费量6394万吨。

  来源:新加坡亚太交易所(APEX)
  (三)棕榈油出口及分布
  由于全球棕榈油生产集中、消费分散,棕榈油国际贸易活动规模逐年上升。
  2017年,全球棕榈油出口量为4988万吨,
  占当年全球总产量的约72%。

  来源:新加坡亚太交易所(APEX)
  (四)棕榈油进口及分布
  2000年以来,全球棕榈油进口量持续上升。2017年,全球棕榈油进口量4658万吨。

  来源:新加坡亚太交易所(APEX)

  新加坡亚太交易所棕榈油期货合约

  来源:新加坡亚太交易所(APEX)
  交割质量标准
  参照PORAM马来西亚精炼棕榈油协会相关内容,APEX制定精炼棕榈油基准交割品质量标准。

  来源:新加坡亚太交易所(APEX)
 

  交割港口布局
  APEX精炼棕榈油交割港口布局

  来源:新加坡亚太交易所(APEX)
  精炼棕榈油FOB交割流程
  来源:新加坡亚太交易所(APEX)

  新加坡亚太交易所棕榈油期货特点和优势
  1. 美元计价,符合国际贸易主流习惯,避免汇率波动风险
  棕榈油国际现货贸易大多采用美元计价,因此市场对美元计价的棕榈油期货企盼多年。亚太交易所推出的美元计价合约与国
  际贸易主流货币相一致,交易发现的价格直接以美元形式体
  现,使套期保值与套利交易中的基差变化直观清晰,投资者也
  避免了多币种转换的汇率风险。
  2. FOB实物交割,方便国际贸易,降低交割成本
  FOB(指定港口船上交货)为棕榈油现货国际贸易主流方式,流程简单,买卖双方责任明晰。亚太交易所的实物交割采用
  FOB方式,与现货贸易习惯顺畅接轨,交割方便快捷,减少储
  存费用,大幅度降低交割成本。
  3. 交割港口覆盖棕榈油主产国马来西亚与印度尼西亚
  亚太交易所指定的多个交割港口,分布在马六甲海峡两岸,覆盖马来西亚和印度尼西亚棕榈油生产区,具有丰富的现货资源,且港口配套完善,装卸便利,交割顺畅。同时,客户可通过期转现、延伸交割、仓库提单互换等方式进行跨市场和跨境交割。
  4. 交易所地处棕榈油国际贸易中心—新加坡
  亚太交易所地处世界第三大国际金融中心、棕榈油国际贸易中心—新加坡,全球粮油国际贸易企业的亚太总部云集于此。这里是自由贸易区,税率优惠,外汇自由进出,有完善的金融、结算、商务、物流配套服务,为开展棕榈油期货交易提供了良好的生态环境。
 SECOND PHYSICAL DELIVERY OF APEX CPO FUTURES CONTRACT
Singapore-based Asia Pacific Exchange (APEX) has completed the second physical delivery of the APEX Crude Palm Oil Futures Contract on 20 Nov 2019, following the successful completion of the first physical delivery in October 2019. 8,000 metric tonnes of crude palm oil were loaded from Batam Port Indonesia, destinated to Haldia Port in India. These successful physical deliveries has proved the reliability and robustness of the physical delivery mechanism of APEX CPO Futures Contract.

15th October 2019 was the last trading day of the CPF1911 Contract and a total of 800 lots (8,000 metric tonnes) of CPO Contracts were qualified for the physical delivery. The nominated port of delivery by the Seller was be Batam Port. The Buyer’s vessel arrived at the port on time and she was berthed in the morning of 19 Nov 2019, loading was commenced right afterwards. Upon completion of the loading one day later, the vessel successfully departed Batam Port after documents clearances, signifying the completion of the delivery process.

One Representative of the Seller commented: “The settings and delivery terms of APEX Crude Palm Oil Futures Contract is simple and practical. It follows closely the practices of international palm oil market in USD pricing and FOB delivery terms, providing to the market an excellent tool for hedging and arbitraging. We are glad to see the steady growth of the contracts with in its Open Interest and Trading Volume.”

The Crude Palm Oil Futures Contract is the second palm-related derivative product launched by APEX. Designed with a Contract size of 10 metric tonnes, US-dollar denomination and FOB delivery terms. Apart from Batam, Indonesia, APEX Crude Palm Oil Futures Contract has five other delivery points: Port Klang and Pasir Gudang in West Malaysia, Lahad Datu in East Malaysia, Dumai and Belawan in Indonesia.

As of 30th October 2019, APEX CPO Contract has an average daily trade volume of 23,000 contracts, and an average daily open interest of 15,000 contracts. The number of market participants continue to increase, with participants coming from palm oil plantation and commercial companies, international trading firms, proprietary/hedge funds and professional money managers.


 


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