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有时候需要用int()函数转换字符串为整型，但是切记int()只能转化由纯数字组成的字符串，如下例：
Python 3.7.0 (v3.7.0:1bf9cc5093, Jun 27 2018, 04:59:51) [MSC v.1914 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> str1='214567'
>>> str2=''
>>> str3='fsdf214356'
>>> int(str1)
214567
>>> int(str2)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in <module>
int(str2)
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: ''#不可转换空字符串为整型
>>> int(str3)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#5>", line 1, in <module>
int(str3)
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'fsdf214356'#不可转换非纯数字组成的字符串
非纯数字组成的字符串强转为整型会报错：ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10
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